Figure12ashows that the circular region in the iris before performing the normalization and Fig. The common methods include the CHT based method and the Daugman method [1, 7, 29]. In other words, the brightness of the pixels changes sharply or more formally has the discontinuities across these two regions in the image. Massage therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee. Let r be the radius and (a,b) be the coordinate of the center of the circle. Bingo Wing-Kuen Ling. Section2 reviews the CHT and the normalization method. Obviously, if xi,yi is on the circle with its radius r and its center coordinate (a,b), then it should satisfy [5, 11, 22]: Method for finding the center of the circle, Here, \(h\left(x,y,a,b,r\right)\) votes if (xi,yi) is on the circle. Then, the iris in the images is segmented out using the CHT based method. FOIA Knee arthritis pain is reduced and range of motion is increased following moderate pressure massage therapy. In general, the higher the AUC refers to the higher the prediction accuracy. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Bronfort et al. The Daugman method is employed as the benchmark method for evaluating the performance of the iris segmentation. Open-label, randomized, parallel-group controlled clinical trial of massage for treatment of depression in HIV-infected subjects. Jnhagen S, Ackermann P, Eriksson T, Saartok T, Renstrm PA. Am J Sports Med. This study evaluated the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a luteinizing hormone (LH)-based modified gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in patients with normal ovarian response undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Cherkin DC, Eisenberg D, Sherman KJ, Barlow W, Kaptchuk TJ, Street J, Deyo RA. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-11789-w, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-11789-w. Perlman AI, Sabina A, Williams AL, et al. Sport massage, a manual therapy for muscle and soft tissue pain and weakness, is a popular and widely used modality for recovery after intense exercise. Whether massage therapy can be helpful in preventing and treating repetitive motion disorders, If massage can be helpful as a component of a nondrug approach to pain management in veterans. The original image and the denoised image. State regulations typically require graduation from an approved program and passing an examination. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1962-1, Singh S, Datar A (2013) EDGE detection techniques using Hough transform. Disclaimer. The block diagram for performing the iris segmentation is shown in Fig. Next, the CHT is employed to characterize the iris. Since doing the eye exercises to protect the eyes [17, 20] was promoted in the past few decades, many people take the eye massage therapy to soothe the eyes to relieve the eye strain and to protect the eyes. On the other hand, the CHT based method was used to segment the iris [14, 19]. Dissertation, University of Western Australia. In future, more analysis on the eye massage therapy will be investigated. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Nevertheless, this image based evaluation method is still expensive because it requires the expensive instruments for performing the image acquisition. (2003). Massage therapy has been studied for several types of pain, including low-back pain, neck and shoulder pain, pain from osteoarthritis of the knee, and headaches. It can be seen from Table 5 that the mean classification accuracies based on these ten fold cross validations achieved by both the CHT based method and the Duangman method are high. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of performing the eye massage therapy, several classifiers are employed. For more information, see NCCIHs fact sheet on osteoarthritis. Furlan AD, Yazdi F, Tsertsvadze A, Gross A, Van Tulder M, Santaguida L, Cherkin D, Gagnier J, Ammendolia C, Ansari MT, Ostermann T, Dryden T, Doucette S, Skidmore B, Daniel R, Tsouros S, Weeks L, Galipeau J. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). A 2017 research review analyzed the results of 34 studies of massage therapy for premature infants. As the camera introduces the impulsive noise to the periocular images and the noise degrades the quality of the periocular images, this paper employs the median filtering for suppressing the noises. The study involved 60 patients aged 37-82 years (mean age: 62.8 9.86 years) treated for neck pain at the Rehabilitation Department of Zamo University of Management and Administration. School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China, Bella (Guangzhou) Intelligent Information Technology Company Limited, Guangzhou, 510006, China, You can also search for this author in Would you like email updates of new search results? How do you know when a treatment is working? However several relatively recent developments have increased the amount of good research in this area. This includes determining reasons achievements fell short or why it took so long. Publication types Comparative Study Controlled Clinical Trial MeSH terms Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Humans Kinesiology, Applied The effectiveness of rehabilitation was assessed with a Saunders digital inclinometer, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Br J Sports Med. A 2013 review of 34 studies of healthy full-term infants didnt find clear evidence of beneficial effects of massage in these low-risk infants. Signal Process 93(1):230241. Objective: Sport massage, a manual therapy for muscle and soft tissue pain and weakness, is a popular and widely used modality for recovery after intense exercise. First, each frame is extracted from each video. Therefore, the noise is required to be suppressed without losing the edge information [27] for performing the iris segmentation. These studies looked at different types of massage and different types of headache, and their results are not consistent. Google Scholar, Qazi Y, Aggarwal S, Hamrah P (2014) Image-guided evaluation and monitoring of treatment response in patients with dry eye disease. Let x(r,) and y(r,) be the x co-ordinates and the y co-ordinates of the points between the inner circle and the outer circle of the iris represented in the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively. Clinical practice guidelines on the use of integrative therapies as supportive care in patients treated for breast cancer. In: Academic Consortium for Complementary and Alternative Health Care (ACCAHC). Figure8 shows an example of output after performing the median filtering. The objectives are to identify if breast massage has been shown to: Improve pain associated with engorgement and mastitis. With appropriate precautions, massage therapy can be part of supportive care for cancer patients who would like to try it; however, the evidence that it can relieve pain and anxiety is not strong. a The inner edge points and b the outer edge points of the iris in the image after performing the Canny edge detection. A 2014 evaluation of 9 studies (404 total participants) concluded that massage therapy, if continued for at least 5 weeks, improved pain, anxiety, and depression in people with fibromyalgia but did not have an effect on sleep disturbance. Then, the Canny operator is employed to perform the edge detection. However, massage therapists, because of the unique nature of their therapy and how it is delivered, face special challenges when conducting research. Let G be the gradient of the object in the image. Conclusions: This vector is employed as the feature vector for performing the classification. For more information, see NCCIHs fact sheet on fibromyalgia. Different methods [28] were used to suppress the noises. The .gov means its official. Our approaches to acquiring knowledge can be divided into four models: 1. knowledge imparted by an authority, 2. gleaning knowledge from research, 3. testing the new knowledge in our practice, and 4. evaluating new knowledge against principles of anatomy and physiology that are already understood. The existing methods are via the diagnoses conducted by the medical professions based on the measurements acquired by the optical instruments. Website: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/. Some massage therapists obtain certification from the National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork. Here, the data acquisitions at different times are conducted at the same place and at the same time slots of different days. RE: Manicure "Evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment". Ask about the training, experience, and credentials of the massage therapist you are considering. Therefore, the CHT can be applied to estimate the radius and the coordinate of the center of the pupil. Duplication is encouraged. Massage therapists may need to modify their usual techniques when working with cancer patients; for example, they may have to use less pressure than usual in areas that are sensitive because of cancer or cancer treatments. Ocul Surf 5(2):7592, Lin Z, Yu H (2011) The pupil location based on the OTSU method and hough transform. Such effects may therapy-relevant Measurement Criteria To be useful in an effectiveness analysis, measures of psychotherapy outcome must be both reliable and valid (see201 . NCCIH-sponsored studies have investigated various aspects of massage therapy, including. FOIA Int J Sci Tech Adv 1(1):1114, Kang MT, Li SM, Peng X, Li L, Ran A, Meng B, Wang N (2016) Chinese eye exercises and myopia development in school age children: a nested case-control study. However, because the quality of the studies was low, the investigators who conducted the review concluded that they had very little confidence that massage is an effective treatment for low-back pain. (2001). Art. (2008) conducted a systematic review of thirteen existing randomized controlled trials evaluating massage therapy's effectiveness in the treatment of non-specific low-back pain. Epub 2004 Jul 20. This can be accomplished by tapping, poking, or manipulating parts of. Many different interventions and techniques are offered, from medications to diets, from vitamins to occupational therapy, from cognitive-behavioral techniques to biofeedback training. Therapeutic massage increases ranges of motion. Sign in | Create an account. Bao Y, Kong X, Yang L, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Twenty of the studies (1,250 total infants) evaluated the effect of massage on weight gain, with most showing an improvement. on Information Technology and Computer Science (CITCS), pp 4751, Daugman J (2007) New methods in iris recognition. Both groups did not differ significantly in terms of NDI and VAS scores at baseline (NDI: p = 0.56, VAS: P = 0.231) and after rehabilitation (NDI: p = 0.203; VAS: P = 0.401). Research to date suggests massage therapy may: Reduce anxiety, depression and stress Promote well being Promote a mind body connection Useful in treating hyperactivity disorders [13, 16]. Phys Ther. After that, the region between the inner circle and the outer circle of the iris is mapped to a rectangular box. It can be seen from Fig. Here, H(a,b,r) counts the total number of the edge points on the circle. A 2015 review of 25 studies with a total of 3,096 participants found that in both acute and chronic low-back pain, there were short-term improvements in pain after massage therapy. Evaluation of effectiveness of eye massage therapy via classification of periocular images. Data sources: Like any treatment, massage therapy can and should be studied using rigorous scientific methods. Massage therapy, with or without aromatherapy (the use of essential oils) has been used to attempt to relieve pain, anxiety, and other symptoms in people with cancer. First, guidelines of varying quality, from both public and private sources, have been proliferating. Compared to the Daugman method, the CHT based method can achieve the higher classification accuracies. Only a small number of studies of massage for headache have been completed. Epub 2014 Feb 20. On the other hand, if the AUC is equal to 1, then the model predicts correctly and the classification is perfect. 10bshow the inner edge points and the outer edge points of the iris in the image after performing by the Canny edge detection algorithm, respectively. [Epub ahead of print]. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. 2021 Apr 1;49(2):107-114. doi: 10.1249/JES.0000000000000244. Theres some evidence that massage therapy may have benefits for anxiety, depression, and quality of life in people with HIV/AIDS, but the amount of research and number of people studied are small. Thresholding: Only the pixels with the large gradient values are regarded as the edge points. Two examples of the periocular images are shown in Fig. Case series provide little support for the use of massage to aid muscle recovery or performance after intense exercise. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews is a collection of evidence-based reviews produced by the Cochrane Library, an international nonprofit organization. Both the provider and the patient are masked as to the whether a real treatment or placebo is delivered, minimizing bias, and maximizing the chance that the observed results are due to the true therapeutic effect of the treatment in question. Table 3 shows the classification accuracies based on both the CHT based method and the Daugman method via these four classifiers. UL1 RR025755/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States. For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. Data synthesis: Obviously, the images can be acquired easier and more convenient. 'client recommends me to friends and work mates'. Study selection: Then, we have. Like other forms of manual therapies, a "sham" type of treatment can be developed (i.e. MeSH 2014. Most studies evaluating post-exercise function suggest that massage is not effective, whereas studies that also evaluated the symptoms of DOMS did show some benefit. . This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Besides, since the classification accuracies based on the CHT based method are slightly higher than those based on the Daugman method for all these four classifiers, this phenomenon can be highlighted if the CHT based method is employed. (2006). Eisenberg DM, Davis RB, Ettner SL, et al. Other styles include sports massage, clinical massage to accomplish specific goals such as releasing muscle spasms, and massage traditions derived from Eastern cultures, such as Shiatsu and Tuina. These factors include the aging, the genetic factors, the viral or the bacterial infections as well as the excessive and the incorrect use of the eyes. Objective: It can be difficult to decide what to try, and even harder to tell what is effective. However, this approach is very expensive. First, a median filtering is employed for suppressing the noises. Section3 presents the method for performing the evaluation of the effectiveness of the eye massage therapy. 2010. a The circular region in the iris before performing the normalization. 501130144), the Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission, Enterprise Support Scheme (no. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. It primarily consists of manual or hands-on techniques such as applying fixed or movable pressure, holding, and moving muscles and body tissues. For each edge point, if a circle is drawn with its center being this edge point, then the intersecting point of all these circles represents the center of the circle of all these edge points. Massage has been practiced in most cultures, both Eastern and Western, throughout human history, and was one of the earliest tools that people used to try to relieve pain. Ann Intern Med. In order to ensure that the obtained results are reliable, the videos are acquired from 10 different subjects. The details of each step are discussed below. Schwartz J, Dawson, S, Whitridge P, eds. Let w[0,1]. For performing the Canny edge detection, the block diagram is shown in Fig. Massage and touch for dementia. In a 36-year-old woman with neck pain, will manipulation and mobilization be beneficial for reducing her reports of neck pain? Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). National Library of Medicine They are the sclera, the iris and the pupil which located from the outer part of the eye to the inner part of the eye, respectively. In particular, the white outer area represents the sclera. The .gov means its official. Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments. Sports massage therapy is an effective way to help athletes and fitness enthusiasts prevent and recover from injuries, improve their performance, and reduce muscle soreness and tension. The purpose was to provide a rigorous and balanced summary regarding the effectiveness, safety, and costs of massage therapy for low back pain. in the Archives of Internal Medicine, which investigate massage for low back pain. Reychler G, Caty G, Arcq A, et al. Patients who had received massage demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the range of flexion (p = 0.022), lateral bend to the right (p = 0.018), and lateral bend to the left (p = 0.003). 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007502.pub2. 2011 Jul 28. For the ease of the comprehension and the reading, the acronyms and the symbols appeared in this paper are summarized in Table 1. It is found that the classification performance achieved by the CHT based method is better than those achieved by the Daugman method. The computer numerical simulation results are shown in Section4. not be detectable if unique measures are used. This implies that it is possible to classify into two types of images namely those obtained before performing the eye massage therapy and those obtained after performing the eye massage therapy. Kang L, Liu P, Peng A, Sun B, He Y, Huang Z, Wang M, Hu Y, He B. Standardize, testing that is used to determine where a patient may stand when completing a different test. Hence, the lighting conditions are similar for the image acquisitions at different times. BMC Ophthalmol 6(1):17. The use of such multiple common out-comes also makes monitoring potential detri-mental effects more possible. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001929.pub2. Pol Merkur Lekarski. In recent studies, some evidences show that some eye diseases such as the dry eye diseases, the myopia and the computer vision based eye syndromes are closely related to the eye fatigue [10, 26]. Here, 10 subjects have taken 200 videos using a mobile device and 518 images are selected for performing the iris classification. N Engl J Med, 328(4):246-52. Reference sections of included articles were scanned to identify additional relevant articles. Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng 2(6):177185. In order to evaluate the reliability performances achieved by various classifiers, the ten fold cross validations are performed. Epub 2017 Feb 20. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. 2017. Work 52(2):303314. Some studies suggested other possible benefits of massage but because the amount of evidence is small, no conclusions can be reached about effects other than weight gain. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. It involves manipulating the soft tissues of the body. Evaluation is important for assessing message effectiveness, identifying program strengths and weaknesses, and determining if different FCA communications are needed to make the FCA more effective and better achieve its goal (s). Hence, the CHT based median filtering with the Canny operator is employed in this paper to achieve the high accuracy of the iris segmentation. It is important to determine if a message is understood, believed, and acted upon. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22480, Article Once the test is completed, they are then compared to "normal" behavior. Figure11 shows the image with the inner circle and the outer circle of the iris. Under this method, direct observation tales place in order to assess the changed knowledge, skills and attitudes of the participants. The main finding of the study was that intensive massage therapy 3 times a week showed promising results in these patients. In states that regulate massage therapy (45 states and the District of Columbia), therapists must get a license or certification before practicing massage. acupuncture and massage therapy were excluded as psychosocial interventions because they were not considered psychologically based. 62071128), the Team Project of the Education Ministry of the Guangdong Province (no. CDC Advance Data Report #343. Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng 3(6):333337, Singh S, Singh S (2015) Iris segmentation along with noise detection using hough transform. Outcome measures included: 1) Hughston Clinic knee self-assessment questionnaire; 2) EQ-5D Tariff for assessment of quality of life; 3) number of days taken to return to work after surgery; 4) knee. Complementary and alternative medicine for cancer pain: an overview of systematic reviews. It can be seen from Table 4 that the AUCs achieved by both the CHT based method and the Daugman method are large for all these four classifiers. The area under the ROC (AUC) is used to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). However, meta-analysis data on the efficacy of massage for the treatment of constipation experienced after stroke are almost nonexistent. https://orcid.org . On the other hand, if the original size of the rectangular box is larger than 3264, then the high frequency components of the rectangular box are discarded in the DCT domain. That is, the classification performances achieved by both the CHT based method and the Daugman method are good. Evaluate the effectiveness of definition: Something that is effective works well and produces the results that were intended .. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage in the treatment of adult obesity. A group of subjects (n=50) were randomly assigned to either the traditional Thai massage (TTM) or the physical therapy (PT) group. Yip YB, Tam AC. J Altern Complement Med, 2(4):515-24. A randomized controlled trial. 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Shows methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the massage treatment image as discussed in Sect TJ, Street J,,. The block diagram is shown in Fig conclusions: this vector is employed to characterize iris. Acquisitions at different times are conducted at the same time slots of different days, more analysis on the massage. Most showing an improvement the circular region in the iris segmentation is shown in Section4 hand, if the refers! Registered trademarks of the pixels with the large gradient values are regarded as the points... Be studied using rigorous scientific methods images is segmented out using the CHT based method was used to the! Shows the classification accuracies based on the other hand, if the AUC is equal to 1 7. Regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations massage &.! The treatment of depression in HIV-infected subjects under the ROC ( AUC ) is used to segment iris...
methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the massage treatment