[52], In September 2011, Cornell ILR Global Labor Institute released the results of the GLI Keystone XL Report, which evaluated the pipeline's impact on employment, the environment, energy independence, the economy, and other critical areas. The Canadian portion of the pipeline runs from Hardisty, AB, east through Manitoba where it turns south and crosses the border into North Dakota. [64], On November 3, 2015, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry issued a determination that the project was not in the public interest. We would score a victory, and it would have huge ramifications for holding off construction at critical times, says NRDC attorney Cecilia Segal, who has worked on KXL litigation since 2017. (For evidence, note the 2010 tar sands oil spill in Kalamazoo River, Michigan, a disaster that cost Enbridge more than a billion dollars in cleanup fees and took six years to settle in court.) Its no small feat extracting oil from tar sands, and doing so comes with steep environmental and economic costs. The revoked permit became the final nail in the pipelines coffin. There is thorough research or proper facts to back the claims made by the company. [54][205], In 2011, after opposition for laying the pipeline in this area, TransCanada agreed to change the route and skip the Sandhills,[108] even though pipeline industry spokesmen had maintained that existing pipelines carrying crude oil and refined liquid hydrocarbons have crossed over the Ogallala Aquifer for years in southeast Wyoming, eastern Colorado and New Mexico, western Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. The proposed Keystone XL extension actually comprised two segments. United States Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors Office of Inspector General Office of Audits. Suncor Energy hoped to recoup significant construction-related tolls, though the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission did not rule in their favor. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. In June 2021, TC Energy announced that it was abandoning its plans for building the pipeline for goodputting an end to a fossil fuel project that had loomed over waterways, communities, and the climate for more than a decade. The pipeline threat is gone, but the damage to their property and lives is already done. When TC Energy said the pipeline would create nearly 119,000 jobs, a State Department report instead concluded the project would require fewer than 2,000 two-year construction jobs and that the number of full-time, permanent jobs would hover around 35 after construction. "[123], Many American and Canadian Aboriginals have opposed the Keystone XL project for various reasons,[124] including possible damage to sacred sites, pollution, and water contamination, which could lead to health risks among their communities. The only group identified by the Pew poll with less than majority support for the pipeline was among those Democrats who identified themselves as liberal (41% in favor versus 54% opposed).[261]. We will close our reservation borders to Keystone XL. [217] On April 18, 2014, the Obama administration announced that the review of the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline has been extended indefinitely, pending the result of a legal challenge to a Nebraska pipeline siting law that could change the route. Indeed, one study found that between 2007 and 2010, pipelines moving tar sands oil in Midwestern states spilled three times more per mile than the U.S. national average for pipelines carrying conventional crude. On November 22, 2011, the Nebraska unicameral legislature passed unanimously two bills with the governor's signature that enacted a compromise agreed upon with the pipeline builder to move the route, and approved up to US$2million in state funding for an environmental study. That's why our Emergency Response plans are approved by state and federal agencies, and why we practice them regularly. In 2015, the U.S. State Department, under President Barack Obama, declined to grant the northern leg of the Keystone XL project the permit required to construct, maintain, and operate the pipeline across the U.S.Canada bordera permit that President Trump later granted and President Biden once again revoked. As an expansion of the companys existing Keystone Pipeline System, which has been operating since 2010 (and continues to send Canadian tar sands crude oil from Alberta to various processing hubs in the middle of the United States), the pipeline promised to dramatically increase capacity to process the 168 billion barrels of crude oil locked up under Canadas boreal forest. However, once the oil starts reaching the international market, it will ultimately cause a price hike in fuel rates in America. As the debates go on about this Keystone XL project being the biggest threat to the US, here are some common myths and facts you need to know about this project. In the instance of the Keystone XL pipeline, there have been many protests and actions taken against the construction of the pipeline. [278], In September 2009, independent refiner CVR sued TransCanada for Keystone Pipeline tolls seeking $250million damage compensation or release from transportation agreements. Despite a court order to reassess the Dakota Access Pipelines environmental impact, the agency wont share the results of its new study. Keystone Pipeline, Gas Prices, and Oil Exports Dirty energy lobbyists claimed developing tar sands would protect our national energy security and bring U.S. fuel prices down. He also stated that the Keystone Pipeline was planned to include 57improvements above standard requirements demanded by U.S. regulators, making it "the safest pipeline ever built". Seven out of nine counties in South Dakota will see their property tax base increase by more than 10 percent, with some much higher. The 1,200-mile pipeline would have traveled southeast through nine South Dakota counties. Additionally, it will cause havoc on labor organizations and environmentalists looking to address global climate change. In cooperation with Enterprise Products Partners LP it is reversing the Seaway pipeline so that an oversupply of oil at Cushing can reach the Gulf. [26][27], Operating since 2010, the original Keystone Pipeline System is a 3,461-kilometre (2,151mi) pipeline delivering Canadian crude oil to U.S. Midwest markets and Cushing, Oklahoma. [270] However, according to industries, the Seaway line alone is not enough for oil transportation to the Gulf Coast. [109], Since 2010, there were concerns that a pipeline spill could threaten the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the world's largest fresh water reserves. The Keystone XL proposal faced criticism from environmentalists and a minority of the members of the United States Congress. On January 9, 2015, the Nebraska Supreme Court cleared the way for construction, and on the same day the House voted in favor of the pipeline. [1], The Keystone-Cushing pipeline phase connected the Keystone pipeline (phase 1) in Steele City, Nebraska, south through Kansas to the oil hub and tank farm in Cushing, Oklahoma, a distance of 468 kilometres (291mi) long. However, the reports conducted by the authorities were a complete sham, and there was nothing reasonable in them. [86][87], In March 2020, the Premier of Alberta Jason Kenney, who campaigned on promoting the province's oil and gas industry and has promoted it by repealing the carbon tax and establishing an energy war room (Canadian Energy Centre),[88][89][90][91] announced that the UCP government was taking an "equity stake" and providing a "loan guarantee", which amounts to a "total financial commitment of just over $7 billion" to the Keystone XL project. A spill would have been devastating to the farms, ranches, and communities that depend on these crucial ecosystems. TransCanada asked Nebraska to reconsider this decision[75] and worked with Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to determine the structural cause of a leak in South Dakota on November 21, 2017. When the Obama administration refused to grant the cross-border permit necessary to build TC Energys Keystone XL oil pipeline in November 2015, it struck a blow against polluting powers and acknowledged the consensus on this misguided project from a wide swath of communities, experts, and organizations. Some of those landowners gave testimony for a House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing in May 2011. [108][109][110], In 2015, President Barack Obama blocked the project, causing TC Energy to instigate a US $15 billion lawsuit under NAFTA. [230], On November 17, 2017, the pipeline leaked around 9,600 barrels (1,530m3)[231] onto farmland near Amherst, South Dakota. [54] In its response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. [31] : 147 [3], At 9:00 p.m. EDT on December 7, TC Energy launched an emergency shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, following a drop in pressure. [106] It runs through Nemaha, Brown and Doniphan counties in Kansas and Buchanan, Clinton, Caldwell, Montgomery, Lincoln and St. Charles counties in Missouri, before entering Madison County, Illinois. [140] In August 2014, a study was published that concluded the pipeline could produce up to 4 times more global warming pollution than the State Department's study indicated. Finally, there are hardly any requirements on how these pipelines should be constructed and maintained to ensure safety. On March 17, 2008, during the final year of the Presidency of George W. Bush, the United States Department of State issued a Presidential Permit authorizing the construction, maintenance and operation of facilities at the United States and Canada border. [227], The main issues are the risk of oil spills along the pipeline, which would traverse highly sensitive terrain, and 17% higher greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction of oil sands compared to extraction of conventional oil. [29] Later that year, TransCanada began the process of becoming the sole owner of the pipeline. The mining depletes and pollutes freshwater resources, creates massive ponds of toxic waste, and threatens the health and livelihood of the First Nations people who live near them. I have knowledge of on-page & off-page SEO, Analytics and ads. The overall results of polls on the Keystone XL pipeline taken by independent national polling organizations from 2012 to 2014 were as follows: In contrast, Pew's February 2017 poll showed that support for the pipeline had fallen to only 42%, with 48% of polled respondents opposing the pipeline, a 17 percentage point drop in support since 2014, with the majority of the shift due to a sharp decline in support among Democrats and Democrat-leaning independents. By the time President Biden took office in 2021, ready to fulfill his campaign promise to revoke the cross-border permit, the dirty energy pipeline had become one of the foremost climate controversies of our time. Thousands of landowners testified against the development of this pipeline project on their land. [74] This proved to be a major setback for TransCanada since they would have "years of new review and legal challenges". Fact: The Keystone Pipeline System was over half complete. Even worse, building Keystone XL would have meant enduring those risks just to send the fuel to our overseas rivalsand the profits to Big Oil. On January 20, 2021, President Joe Biden signed an executive order[21] to revoke the permit[22] that was granted to TC Energy Corporation for the Keystone XL Pipeline (Phase 4). [A]pproval or denial of any one crude oil transport project, including the proposed Project, is unlikely to significantly impact the rate of extraction in the oil sands, or the continued demand for heavy crude oil. [277] In late 2014 Enbridge announced it is awaiting final approval from the US State Department and expects to proceed with the last phase in mid-2015. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initially stated that, on a wells-to-wheels basis, tar sands oil emits 17 percent more carbon than other types of crude, but several years later, the State Department revised this number upward, stating that the emissions could be 5 percent to 20 percent higher than previously indicated. That means burdening the planet with an extra 178.3 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually, the same impact as 38.5 million passenger vehicles or 45.8 coal-fired power plants. Keystone started pumping oil through this section in January 2014. When President Obama rejected and canceled the permits for Keystone XL, many labor/workers associations and organizations came forward in support of this decision. [40] Phase 1 went online in June 2010. [68] An Angus Reed Institute poll published that week showed that 48% of Canadians supported the revival of the Keystone XL pipeline project. The truth is Keystone 1 project has failed to achieve its targets and is, in fact, nowhere around what the company promised during its initial stage. [240], On December 7, 2022, TC Energy in Canada initiated a shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline System in response to a 9PM Eastern Time alarm signaling a loss in pressure. Historic flooding recently inundated parts of the Cornhusker State where the proposed Keystone XL pipeline would pass through. [256] and that over the proposed 50-year timeline of the pipeline, this could mean releasing as much as "1.37 billion more tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere". . [225], TransCanada claims that they will take 100% responsibility for any potential environmental problems. This Keystone XL project will bring oil from Canadas oil sands to Gulf Coast in Texas. The operator of the Keystone Pipeline System, which carries a form of crude oil from Canada to multiple states for refining, said over the weekend . This isnt your grandfathers typical oil, says Anthony Swift, director of NRDCs Canada project. Whats more surprising is that these jobs will be non-local and of temporary nature. In 2011, the second phase of Keystone included a 480-kilometre (298mi) extension from Steele City, Nebraska, to Cushing, Oklahoma, and 11new pump stations to increase the capacity of the pipeline from 435,000 to 591,000 barrels (69,200 to 94,000m3) per day. On March 9, 2017, the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Premier of Alberta Rachel Notley attended North America's largest energy conference CERAWeek in Houston, Texas. Construction of Phase III, from Cushing, Oklahoma, to Nederland, Texas, in the Gulf Coast area, began in August 2012 as an independent economic utility. On March 28, 2017, his State Department illegally approved a cross-border permit for the pipeline, reversing the Obama administrations prior determination that KXL would not serve the national interest. But the path to victory wasnt always clear. For example, in 2020, Teck Resources withdrew its 10-year application to build the largest tar sands mine in history, citing growing concern surrounding climate change in global markets. [23][24], The Keystone Pipeline system consisted of the operational Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III, the Gulf Coast Pipeline Project. The other jobs will be temporary and limited to the projects duration. Its costly both to produce and to ship, particularly by rail, which would be an alternative to Keystone XL. But immediately after taking office, President Donald Trump brought the zombie project back to life, along with the legal battles against it. Also Read: Here Are 30+ Fun Anteater Facts For Kids. In its November 11 response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. When you sign up you'll become a member of NRDC's Activist Network. The Alberta government placed a $30,000 ad entitled "Keystone XL: The Choice of Reason" in. [248][249], In December 2010, the No Tar Sands Oil campaign, sponsored by action groups including Corporate Ethics International, NRDC, Sierra Club, 350.org, National Wildlife Federation, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace, and Rainforest Action Network, was launched. Fact: In various independent studies based on the future economics of the KXL project, it has been found that these claims of generating millions of dollars by TransCanada are a plot to get support for this project. Construction took another two years. The era of building fossil fuel pipelines without scrutiny of their potential impact on climate change and on local communities is over, Swift says. When Nebraska landowners who had refused TransCanada the permission it needed for pipeline easements on their properties, TransCanada attempted to exercise eminent domain over such use. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety. [69], In mid-2016, a lateral pipeline to refineries at Houston, Texas and a terminal was completed, and was online in 2017. [196] [9], The price of crude oil rose 5% following the shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, before receding. [99], On June 9, 2021, the Keystone XL project was abandoned by its developer. [6] The Environmental Protection Agency dispatched two coordinators, who determined there was no impact to drinking water in the Washington County area. It's derived from a sludgy, sticky deposit found beneath the wilds of northern Albertas boreal forest. [245] On June 23, 2010, 50Democrats in Congress in their letter to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton warned that "building this pipeline has the potential to undermine America's clean energy future and international leadership on climate change", referencing the higher input quantity of fossil fuels necessary to take the tar and turn it into a usable fuel product in comparison to other conventionally derived fossil fuels. TC Energy is applying for permits to tap the Cheyenne River, White River (South Dakota), and Bad River (South Dakota) for use during construction primarily for drilling to install pipe, to build pump stations and to control dust. Heineman: Pipeline Re-Routing is Nebraska Common Sense", "Editorial: Tar Sands and the Carbon Numbers", "Draft Supplementary Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)", "November spill from Keystone pipeline larger than first estimated", "Keystone Pipeline spill in South Dakota twice as big as first thought", "Keystone Pipeline leaks 210,000 gallons of oil in South Dakota", "Keystone pipeline leak in South Dakota about double previous estimate: paper", "National Transportation Safety Board Pipeline Accident Brief", "The Keystone Pipeline oil spill was nearly twice as big as TransCanada said", "PHMSA: Stakeholder Communications Operator Information", "Keystone pipeline shut after spilling 9,000 barrels of oil in N. Dakota", "Keystone Pipeline Leak 10 Times Worse than Expected", "South Dakota Keystone XL opponents point to N. Dakota spill", "Oil prices rise after keystone pipeline leak", "Milepost 14 Incident TC Energy actively responding to oil incident", "Investigators, cleanup crews begin scouring oil pipeline spill in Kansas", "Keystone Pipeline shuts down after oil leak, halting flow of 600,000 barrels a day", "House members say tar sands pipeline will undermine clean energy future", "Enviro Groups, 50 Congressmen Mobilize Against Keystone XL", "Key US lawmaker opposes Canadian oil sands pipeline", "Pressure in U.S. mounts against oilsands pipeline", "How Much Will Tar Sands Oil Add to Global Warming? Fact: Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, the risk of a spill is still there. Leading climate scientist and former NASA researcher James Hansen has warned that fully exploiting Canadas tar sands reserves by moving forward with these projects would mean game over for our climate. In addition, the bitumen that will be flowing through this pipeline has a unique composition, and traditional cleaning methods do not work for it. "[57], On January 22, 2014, the Gulf Coast Extension (Phase III) was completed running 784 kilometres (487mi) from Cushing to refineries at Port Arthur, Texas. [221], University of Nebraska professor John Stansbury conducted an independent analysis which provides more detail on the potential risks for the Ogallala Aquifer. [228] In its March 2010 report, the NRDC stated that "the Keystone XL Pipeline undermines the U.S. commitment to a clean energy economy", instead "delivering dirty fuel at high costs". These sands contain bitumen, a gooey type of petroleum that can be converted into fuel. Indeed, moving crude by rail to the Gulf costs substantially more than moving it by pipe. The Keystone pipeline spill in a creek running through rural pastureland in Washington County, Kansas, about 150 miles northwest of Kansas City, also was the biggest in the system's history, according to U.S. Department of Transportation data. The State Department's 2012 Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) estimated that producing and transporting oil to the pipeline's capacity would increase greenhouse-gas emissions compared to alternative sources of oil, if the denial of the pipeline project meant that the oil would stay in the ground. A study published in early 2020, co-authored by TC Energys own scientists, found that the anti-corrosion coating on the projects pipes was damaged from being stored outside and exposed to the elements for the last decade, notes NRDC senior attorney Jaclyn Prange, who spent years working on KXL litigation. ", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs it would really create", "Obama Questions Keystone XL Pipeline Job Projections", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)", AP: Obama Understates Keystone XL Pipeline Jobs By Thousands, "Oil sands awash in excess pipeline capacity", "Republicans aim to take Keystone XL decision out of Obama's hands", "Senate rejects effort to ban Keystone pipeline exports and use U.S. steel", "Senate Republicans block amendment by Sen. Ed Markey to keep Keystone XL Pipeline oil in US for American consumers exclusively", "Oil pipeline from Canada stirring anger in U.S. Great Plains", "Alberta exploring at least two oil pipeline projects to North", "Oil differential darkens Alberta's budget", "GLI_keystoneXL_Reportpdf | The ILR School | Cornell University", "Enbridge damage: Utility, road fixes could hit $1 million", "Lac-Mgantic: How to get rid of a town's oil stain", Canada train disaster bolsters pipeline case: Our view, Williston Basin crude oil production and takeaway capacity are increasing, Quebec tragedy reminds us pipelines are safest way to transport oil, "In Dakota Oil Patch, Trains Trump Pipelines", "How defeating Keystone XL built a bolder, savvier climate movement", "Citing Climate Change, Obama Rejects Construction of Keystone XL Oil Pipeline", "Shining Light on Obama's Tar Sands Pipeline Decision", "Protesters in Texas climb trees to block pipeline work", "Keystone: pipeline to Obama's re-election", "Activists Launch Keystone XL Blockade in East Texas", "Blockadia Rising: Rowdy Greens, Direct Action and the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Green Party presidential hopeful arrested in pipeline protest", "Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein charged with trespassing in Keystone XL protest", "Keystone XL protesters pressure Obama on climate change promise", "Thousands rally in Washington to protest Keystone pipeline", "40,000 People Reported at Climate Change Rally", "Biggest Environmental Rally in Decades Attracts Nationwide Media Attention", "Thousands rally in D.C. against Keystone Pipeline", "Rosebud Sioux Tribe is Holding Its Own Public Hearing on the Keystone XL Pipeline! 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